What is integration testing and what are its types and advantages?

Integration Testing

Definition: Integration testing focuses on verifying the interfaces and interactions between integrated components or systems. The goal is to identify issues in the interaction between different units or modules.

Types of Integration Testing:

Big Bang Integration Testing:

• Description: Integrates all components or modules at once and then tests the system as a whole.
• Advantage: Simplifies the testing process by testing the complete system at once.

Incremental Integration Testing:

• Description: Integrates and tests components or modules incrementally until the entire system is integrated.
• Advantage: Easier to identify and isolate defects within specific increments.

Top-Down Integration Testing:

• Description: Tests the top-level modules first and then progressively integrates lower-level modules.
• Advantage: Early prototype availability and easier to isolate defects.

Bottom-Up Integration Testing:

• Description: Tests the lower-level modules first and then progressively integrates higher-level modules.
• Advantage: Ensures that foundational modules are tested thoroughly before integrating higher-level ones.

Sandwich (Hybrid) Integration Testing:

• Description: Combines top-down and bottom-up approaches.
• Advantage: Balances the advantages of both approaches and can be tailored to specific needs.

Advantages of Integration Testing:

• Early Detection of Interface Issues: Identifies issues in module interactions early.
• Improved Module Interaction: Ensures that integrated modules work together correctly.
• Defect Isolation: This makes it easier to locate and fix defects.
• Validation of Data Flow: Confirms that data is correctly passed between modules.
• Reduced Risk: Mitigates the risk of major integration issues in later stages.

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