What is the difference between a test case and a test script?

In software testing, the terms “test case” and “test script” are often used interchangeably, but they can have slightly different meanings depending on the context. Here’s a general distinction:

Test Case:

A test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether a system under test (SUT) functions as intended. It includes the test inputs, execution conditions, and expected results. Test cases are typically documented and can be executed manually or automated.

Test Script:

A test script, on the other hand, refers to the instructions or code that is used to perform a test. It can be a set of commands, functions, or procedures that are executed by a testing tool or framework. Test scripts can be automated to perform repetitive tasks, such as executing a series of test cases.

In summary, a test case is a documented set of conditions to be tested, while a test script is the executable instructions used to carry out those tests, often automated but not always.

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